patient subgroup...
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
interferon - versus control - for COVID 19 hospitalized
pdf
xlsx
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
efficacy endpoints 00 death D28 0.91 [0.25, 3.29]< 1 51% 4 studies (4/-) 56.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - deaths 0.74 [0.48, 1.14]< 1 34% 12 studies (12/-) 91.5 % some concern critical moderate crucial - deaths (time to event analysis only) 0.76 [0.17, 3.38]< 1 75% 2 studies (2/-) 64.3 % high not evaluable low crucial - clinical deterioration 0.68 [0.44, 1.04]< 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 96.4 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement 1.28 [0.87, 1.90]> 1 58% 5 studies (5/-) 89.2 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (14-day) 1.16 [0.50, 2.72]> 1 50% 3 studies (3/-) 63.6 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (28-day) 3.15 [1.39, 7.14]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 99.7 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (7-day) 1.91 [1.03, 3.53]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 98.0 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 1.21 [0.94, 1.55]> 1 57% 6 studies (6/-) 92.8 % some concern serious moderate important - death or ventilation 1.00 [0.79, 1.26]< 1 9% 3 studies (3/-) 50.7 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - hospital discharge 1.31 [0.88, 1.94]> 1 25% 4 studies (4/-) 90.6 % low not evaluable high important - hospitalization 1.00 [0.14, 7.34]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 50.0 % NA not evaluable important - mechanical ventilation 0.74 [0.41, 1.34]< 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 84.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - Recovery (time to event analysis only) 1.02 [0.81, 1.28]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 56.7 % NA not evaluable important - viral clearance 1.93 [0.83, 4.49]> 1 83% 4 studies (4/-) 93.7 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - viral clearance (time to event analysis only) 1.56 [0.40, 6.09]> 1 90% 2 studies (2/-) 73.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - viral clearance by day 14 0.55 [0.00, 227.28]> 1 96% 3 studies (3/-) 42.6 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - viral clearance by day 7 2.78 [1.65, 4.68]> 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 100.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - ICU admission 0.49 [0.24, 1.00]< 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 97.4 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - off oxygenation 8.57 [1.43, 51.36]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 99.0 % NA not evaluable non important - recovery 2.19 [1.03, 4.67]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 97.9 % NA not evaluable non important - safety endpoints 00 serious adverse events 0.99 [0.17, 5.88]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 50.5 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - superinfection 0.77 [0.06, 9.89]< 1 76% 2 studies (2/-) 57.8 % high not evaluable low important - adverse events 1.39 [0.80, 2.40]< 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 12.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important -
LoD: level of statistical demonstration: Statistically conclusive: statistically significant with a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error (statistically demonstrated), does not take into account the risk of bias;
suggested: nominally statistically significant but without a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error;
inconclusive: not nominally statistically significant;
safety concerns;
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies;
published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE.
Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.