• metastatic/advanced - esophageal cancer (mEC)
• mEC - (neo)adjuvant (NA) 1
• mEC - 1st line (L1) 1
• mEC - 2nd line (L2) 3
• gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC)

 

• immune chekpoint inhibitors
• anti-CTLA-4
• ipilimumab based treatment
• ipilimumab alone
• Ipilimumab (10 mg/kg)
• anti-PD-(L)1
• avelumab based treatment
• avelumab alone
• nivolumab based treatment
• nivolumab alone
• nivolumab plus SoC
• pembrolizumab based treatment
• pembrolizumab alone
• pembrolizumab plus SoC

• versus all
• vs chemotherapy
• vs non platinum-based chemotherapy
• vs taxanes
• vs paclitaxel
• vs Standard of Care (SoC)
• vs placebo plus SoC
• vs non active control
• vs placebo

  All patients Age < 65y (younger) Age > 65y Age > 75y (older) Asian type cancer location (esophagus) cancer location (gastric) cancer location (gastro-esophageal) cancer type (metastatic) ECOG 0 ECOG 1 Gender, female Gender, male metastasis (liver ) PD-L1 < 1% PD-L1 > 1% PDL1 (CPS >1) PDL1 (TC1/2/3 or IC1/2/3 : ≥1% of TC or IC) previous gastrectomy previous gastrectomy NO

• study list
• mapping
• overview
• meta-analysis
• forest plot
• NMA
• excluded

Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded) Best available evidence (possibly low or very low) All RCTs All studies (RCT+OBS)   studies

gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC), anti-PD-(L)1 vs. all, meta-analysis of study results

TE: relative treatment effect (measured by a risk ratio, an odds ratio or an hazard ratio depending on what is reported in the papers); k: number of studies; n: total number of patients; ROB: risk of bias (ROB 2.0); Pub. bias: publication bias; OBS: observational studies; RCT: randomized clinical trials
studied treatment is better when TE > 1; studied treatment is better when TE < 1;